Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate

The stoichiometric lithium niobate crystal exhibits unique advantages compared to the congruent LiNbO3. The precise control in the manufacturing process results in a more uniform crystal structure, with a higher Li+ molar ratio than congruent lithium niobate. This precise ratio reduces lattice defects, improves the symmetry of the crystal structure, enhancing the consistency and predictability of its optical rotation.

In terms of optical performance, stoichiometric lithium niobate demonstrates lower absorption coefficients, minimizing energy loss when light passes through the material and ensuring higher optical transmittance. This characteristic makes it particularly suitable for applications with stringent energy loss requirements, such as laser systems. Additionally, its uniform crystal structure and lower lattice defects reduce the effects of light quantum scattering, improving the clarity and stability of optical signals.

In the field of nonlinear optics, stoichiometric lithium niobate’s superior and stable nonlinear optical properties make it excel in devices like optical parametric amplifiers and oscillators. Its higher second-order nonlinear coefficient enhances efficiency in generating second and third harmonic waves, suitable for frequency doubling and mixing applications.

Furthermore, stoichiometric lithium niobate exhibits enhanced resistance to depolarization, prolonging the crystal’s lifespan and ensuring longer-term stability compared to congruent lithium niobate. Its superior thermal stability, achieved by meeting the theoretical chemical composition, makes it suitable for applications requiring high stability, such as high-power laser systems.